Beef à la Mode: A Hearth Classic

This is another recipe from B.C. Howard’s “Fifty Years in a Maryland Kitchen.”

Although separated by half a century, I think of her book as the Maryland version of Mary Randolph’s “The Virginia Housewife,” and refer to the latter as a useful cross-reference for some of the recipes (such as this one).

Both books entail a lot of hearth cooking – think dutch oven, hot coals.

Beef à la Mode is essentially an eighteenth / nineteenth-century pot-roast. In Kay Moss’ useful hearth cooking reference “Seeking the Historical Cook” she mentions employing the recipe “as an introduction to eighteenth-century tastes as well as techniques in stewing meats.”

As Moss points out, various recipes include 1) “sweet herbs” such as parsley, rosemary, or marjoram. 2) A spice or combination such as pepper, cinnamon, ginger, or cloves. 3) “Tartness” from wine, vinegar or lemon, and 4) Umami from anchovy, shellfish, mushroom or pickled walnut.

B.C. Howard includes several Beef A La Mode recipes in her book. I combined two of them by using the simpler technique and quantity of one, plus adding the oysters mentioned in another.

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Some beef a la mode recipes call for larding the meat. Bacon always adds some nice seasoning but I had picked up a well-marbled roast at Lexington Market so I left well enough alone.

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Carel Nicolaas Storm van ’s-Gravesande (1841-1924) Boeuf à la mode, 1906, oil on canvas, Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Camping is a convenient time for me to try out hearth cooking recipes requiring coals and a dutch oven. This was our first camping trip of 2015 – a late start!

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Polish Mountain Marker, Green Ridge State Forest, Allegheny County

Recipe:

  • beef
  • 1 slice bread
  • 1 minced shallot
  • 8 ground fine cloves
  • 1 Tablespoon marjoram
  • pepper, black
  • salt
  • wine, claret
  • 4 or 5 oysters (optional)

Grate up a slice of bread and wet with water or milk. To this add a minced shallot, eight cloves ground fine, a tablespoonful of marjoram leaves, pepper and salt to taste. Optional: add minced oyster, anchovy, or mushroom. Cut slits in beef and stuff with mixture. Roll or skewer beef (depending on cut) and rub with any additional stuffing. Lay some “sticks” [I used skewers] across the bottom of the pot, put in the beef with water*. Cover and add coals under and on the top and let it stew slowly for four or five hours. Just before serving pour half a pint of claret over the meat**.

  • *I used water to reach the bottom of the meat but note the amount of liquid that came from cooking in the photo and use water sparingly.
  • **Some recipes add wine before cooking and this may be preferable to your tastes
  • I roasted brussels sprouts to go with this but they would have been fantastic added into the pot and boiled at the last 30-45 minutes
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(Above steps prepared at home and packed in ziploc for camping)

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I have come around to using bagged charcoals. When baking, it’s much more reliable, and I lack the knowledge and consistency of wood/fuel that a hearth cook would have at their disposal. Plus we did not have to get a fire going before the hike.

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I often use an enameled dutch oven for convenience of cleaning in a camp-site but I think my cast-iron dutch oven would have been easier to handle since it is made for the job.

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I also tried out a technique I first read about in “Cee Dub’s Dutch Oven and Other Camp Cookin’” Cookbook“:

This entailed getting the coals going and then burying the whole thing underground for an absentee slow cooker approach. Always be cautious about leaving any hot things exposed or anything out where a hungry animal could be attracted to them.

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This gave us time to hike to Polish Mountain in search of the mysterious rock circles.  We never did see them but we enjoyed a lovely view. We also saw a scarlet tanager and a black bear.

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The hike dragged on a bit long and we came back to a cold roast. So I put on some more coals and further heated and browned the beef, while also making some veggies and biscuits (from a can). The result was a tasty, well-done pot roast. There was plenty of leftover meat and vegetables to put in an omelet in the morning.

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There are some potentially good cookin’ coals in there^^.

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I imagine that Mrs. Howard and her contemporaries would be rather appalled to find us willingly subjecting ourselves to sleeping in the woods, even if those surroundings provide a closer situation to her kitchen than my gas range and oven. Personally I get some weird enjoyment out of turning my relaxation time into a series of chores. The remaining coals heat up dish water and everything is cleaned and put away and the relaxation after THAT… well it’s a wonderful hour or so before I get tired and go to bed.

Edith Dyson’s  Crab Cakes

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I guess people do eat crabcakes in Maryland, occasionally.

I have some opinions about crabcakes but I think I should leave them out of this. I do make crabcakes on occasion, particularly for special occasions, and often in miniature form so there is enough to go around.

A pound of decent crabmeat will set you back considerably but making mini-crabcakes on crackers gives everyone a chance to enjoy some.

I tend to stick to a formula but I decided to branch out, in service to this blog.

While at Faidley’s (where I also treated myself to a coddie, a deviled egg and a coke), I mistakenly thought I had a recipe somewhere that called for claw meat. I was incorrect about this – I have some that call for some claw-meat. I used it anyway and so I may have somewhat botched these due to that and my ignorance of ideal proportions in this unfamiliar formula. I had a hard time keeping them together and they came out dry. I recommend the addition of another egg if using a pound of meat, or some mayo.

Nonetheless I did not take home any uneaten crab-cakes from the party I made these for.

The recipe came from the 1975 book “300 Years of Black Cooking in St. Mary’s County Maryland.” This book combines the elements of historical collections such as “Eat, Drink & Be Merry” with the heart of church cookbooks, homespun illustrations and all. Note the crab on the cookbook in ingredient photo.

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This recipe was contributed to the book by Edith Dyson of St. James. I chose it of the three crab cake recipes in the book because of ingredients I had on hand. The sauteed onions and peppers step is a new one to me.

In 1988, Edith Dyson aka Edith Dyson Parker shared her grandfather’s story of having his farm taken in order to build a naval base in the early 1940s with Andrea Hammer for St. Mary’s County Documentation Project. Her grandfather, John Dyson, who was born enslaved, was heartbroken at the loss of his land, known as Fordtown. In her pained recollections she relays the connection her grandparents had to the land and the bounty it provided for the family – fish and poultry, fruit trees and melons.

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John Dyson picking pears outside of his home on Cedar Point. Source: LOC./SlackWater Center

The SlackWater Center at St. Mary’s College of Maryland has created some amazing resources I came across in researching this post. Viewing these photos taken by John Vachon for the Farm Security Administration as this family became landowners, and knowing the outcome is sobering.

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“Louise Dyson sits at a table with her carefully canned vegetables in the late summer heat.” LOC, John Vachon

“[In St. Mary’s County,] my grandfather worked the water. There were hotels and families that bought fish from him. These fish were caught on a hook and line; they were not caught on rod and reels. In St. Mary’s, they had everything. There was nothing they didn’t have.

I came home [to New Jersey] from New York after the government had started breaking up land and tearing up everybody’s place.  My grandfather was sitting on the porch and I’ll never forget it: he was playing his accordion, he was playing “Look Down that Lonesome Road.” And that is a very sad song. I said, “Grandfather, don’t play that song, don’t play that song. You know, play something, say something, let’s dance it off.”

But there was no pleasure in him, everything was gone. There was nothing you could bring up to him that wouldn’t bring back St. Mary’s County. And we never, we never wanted to remind him of St. Mary’s County.

…The part that gets to me is all the older people, the black people in St. Mary’s County that were around in Fordtown, those are the ones that I really knew, the ones around Fordtown. They don’t have a damn thing to show where they can say, I bought, my mother, my father, my grandfather bought this out of the money they got for their home that the government took. Because they didn’t get enough to buy anything, you see.

The government killed my grandmother and grandfather when they took that land from them, they did.” – Edith Dyson Parker

St. Mary’s county has a rich African-American history shared in cookbooks like “300 Years of Black Cooking in St. Mary’s County”, in the narratives of Edith and her neighbors, and actively and passionately being preserved to this day by groups like the St. Mary’s County Black History Coalition. From stuffed ham to crab-cakes, it is woven into the culinary fiber of Maryland.

Recipe:

  • finely chopped onion
  • pepper, green
  • oil, peanut
  • mustard, prepared
  • 1 egg
  • ½ cup mayonnaise or an additional egg
  • cracker meal
  • 1 lb crab meat
  • breadcrumbs
  • Worcestershire sauce
  • salt
  • pepper, cayenne
  • black pepper
  • seafood seasoning

Use the above ingredients according to your tastes and needs. Saute the onion, green pepper, red pepper, salt, and seafood seasoning in oil. Do not brown. Beat the egg(s) and/or mayonnaise. Add the sauteed ingredients, worcestershire, salt, pepper and mustard. Gently fold in breadcrumbs and crabmeat to mix. Make into cakes or patties. Roll in cracker meal and fry in vegetable or peanut oil until browned.

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Edith Dyson Parker’s grandparents, John and Louise Dyson, outside their home at Cedar Point. Mr. Dyson, nearly 80 when this image was taken, was born a slave. 1940, Library of Congress.”Takings” Slackwater Center

John Ridgely’s Shad Roe Croquettes

Shad Roe season is over but I somehow forgot to post this one. As though you’re cooking along at home. Well if you are, you can make croquettes from basically anything, as my cookbooks frequently demonstrate. I had some leftover shad roe so I made these. 

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The recipe comes to EDBM care of “John Ridgely” of Hampton. Three generations of John Ridgely’s existed but my guess based on the time frame of “Eat, Drink and Be Merry in Maryland”, and the fact he is not named “Captain” in the book is that it was Captain John Ridgely’s son John Ridgely, Jr. (1882–1959).

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John Ridgely, Jr. with wife, Jane Rodney Ridgely, and servant in 1948. Photo by A. Aubrey Bodine

This page gives a rundown of the familiar name of Ridgely in the area – note the transition to our concept of modernity between John Ridgely Jr’s two wives.

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The main house at Hampton was completed in 1790 – at the time, the largest private home in the United States.

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1950s postcard of Hampton mansion

In the 1800s it came to be one of Maryland’s largest slaveholding estates, with more than 300 enslaved people working the house and fields.

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Hampton Slave Quarters, Discover Black Heritage

 Much of this population was freed upon the death of Maryland governor Charles Carnan Ridgely, but his son John Carnan Ridgely is shown to have purchased many more during that time period. A case study by the Maryland Archives offers a possible glimpse into the life of enslaved people living at Hampton.  

“It must have been a surreal experience for blacks moving into and out of slavery at Hampton, literally passing each other on the way to different futures.” – Ridgely Compound of Hampton Towson, Baltimore County, Maryland By Dr. David Taft Terry

The lavish and famous property became harder to maintain without slave labor after Maryland enacted Emancipation in 1864 and reduced in size and grandeur over time.

Between 1948 and 1979 the mansion changed hands, including Preservation Maryland, a few times as a historic site before coming under the care of the National Park Service. Hampton and its surrounding structures including slave quarters, dairy and dovecote are part of the historic site and tourist attraction.

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Historical marker, burgersub.org

Shad roe croquettes appear in many cookbooks, especially in the late 1890s and early 1900s.

These instructions make them from scratch and suggest boiling the roe sacs. I’d say simmer them in about ½” of water and then flip.

I served them with a tartar sauce of sorts made from some pickled beets. Very tasty. If you are frying things and dipping them into some mayonnaise-based sauce and it is not delicious then you need to get it together.

Recipe:

  • shad roe, cooked
  • Salt to taste
  • 1 Tablespoon butter
  • 3 Tablespoon flour
  • .5 Pint cream
  • 1 Teaspoon juice lemon
  • 1 Tablespoon minced parsley
  • 2 egg yolks
  • 1 egg, beaten
  • 1 Tablespoon boiling water
  • breadcrumbs
  • lard

Heat cream to boiling point in double boiler, cream butter and flour, add to cream. Add 2 eggs and stir until thickened. Remove from heat and add salt, add lemon juice, and parsley. Add drained shad roe. Chill mixture. When thorughly chilled mold into chops. Beat 1 whole egg, add 1 tablespoon of boiling water and mix thoroughly. Dip chop first into egg and and dip it into the bread crumbs, then fry in boiling lard or oil.

(tiny skillet)

recipe adapted from “Eat, Drink & Be Merry in Maryland”

Baked Acorn Squash

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This recipe was contributed to “Maryland’s Way”, the Hammond-Harwood House cookbook by Mrs. J Reany Kelly, known as Elizabeth Frances King until she married Mr. Kelly in 1921.

Reany Kelly was a historian of Anne Arundel county and beyond, archiving photos of many Maryland historic homes for a collection now belonging Maryland Historical Society.

Surprisingly, I can’t find too much information about either of them other than involvement in the Anne Arundel County Historical Society.

That leaves me only to talk about Acorn Squash and Maryland. But there’s not too much to say about that either… uh its a fall and winter vegetable and is not really in season right now.

Well hey I’m sure everyone’s still reeling from Maryland Fried Chicken so lets just kick back.

Recipe:

  • 3 acorn squash(es?)
  • 6 Teaspoons  butter
  • 6 Teaspoons  brown sugar
  • 6 Teaspoons Bourbon
  • 1 Teaspoon salt

Cut squashes in halves and remove the seeds. Place in lightly oiled baking dish and put a teaspoon each of butter, sugar, and Bourbon in each squash half. Sprinkle with salt and nutmeg. Cover and bake at 400° for about 30 minutes or until tender. Serves 6.

Adapted from “Maryland’s Way: The Hammond-Harwood House Cookbook”

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Don’t throw these away, roast and eat them!

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Pork chop and rice make it a (not photogenic) meal

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Leftovers in a crepe with scrapple sticks! Now “Scrapple” was a much better entry than this one.

Maryland Fried Chicken: lets do this

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Much like scrapple, Maryland fried chicken is a topic that I intend to revisit on Old Line Plate many times. There’s a lot of background, a lot of recipes, and enough confusion to go around.

So what IS “Maryland fried chicken”?

There is a European dish known as Chicken Maryland or Chicken a la Maryland, usually featuring bananas. This is probably the dish that is now famously known to have been on the menu of the Titanic.

There is a vanishing regional chain (outside of Maryland) known as Maryland Fried Chicken. Their main website is now shilling viagra and I never had the chance to try this chicken.

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There are also some who would insist that Old Bay is essential to Maryland fried chicken. Old Bay and chicken make a fine combo but that is the kind of myopic thinking this blog stands firmly against.

There is also a controversial, questionable step included in some Maryland fried chicken recipes that flies in the face of modern fried chicken preference. That step entails steaming the chicken in the pan after frying it. This results in a very tender chicken but eliminates the crispiness. Sacrilege to some!

Fear not, that step is not essential. I am not sure when it became popularized but BC Howard’s book “Fifty Years in a Maryland Kitchen” mentions no such thing. It appears in two of the five fried chicken recipes in Eat, Drink and Be Merry in Maryland. 

In my estimation, the main defining characteristic of Maryland fried chicken is the pan scraping cream gravy. Fried chicken is served up in this manner throughout the South but various sources throughout the years offer this style as “Maryland fried chicken.”

My primary source for cooking this time was ‘50 Years in a Maryland Kitchen’. I also referenced the recipes that appear in ‘Eat, Drink & Be Merry in Maryland.’

Albert H. McCarthy of Carvel Hall Hotel (erstwhile and now once again the Paca House) contributed the instructions:

“Cut young chicken into pieces and rub with salt, pepper and flour. Fry in hot fat to half cover the chicken until right brown. Serve with a cream gravy and waffles.”

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BC Howard included a step which I feel is indispensable – brining the chicken. Her brine consisted solely of salt and water but I took a cue from my modern reference, a book called “Heritage” by Sean Brock.

I checked this book out from the library and it is beautiful but a lot of the cooking is fussy for my purposes. However, the author seems charming and gained my trust so I went with his brine which contains salt, sugar, and the secret ingredient of tea. He pan fried the chicken in many fats and topped it with the gravy (no mention of Maryland…)

The resulting chicken was very good but to my surprise it tasted like tea. (I’m not the brightest..)

In the future, to make sure that I enjoy the most Maryland flavor in my chicken I will probably stick with a salt & sugar brine only.

My next iteration of Maryland Fried Chicken will include the steaming step and a discussion of those who employed it throughout my recipe collection.

Maybe we can decide once and for all whether it is worth the sacrifice of crispiness – or perhaps whether there is room for both in life.

Recipe:

  • 1 gallon water
  • 38 tea bags (optional! or use less!)
  • 1 cup salt
  • 1 cup sugar
  • salt
  • pepper, black
  • flour
  • fat (oil, lard, bacon fat, etc.)
  • chicken
  • more salt
  • more flour
  • butter
  • cream
  • parsley

Put the water in a pot and bring to a boil over high heat. Remove from the stove, add the tea bags, and let them steep for 8 minutes. Remove the tea bags, or strain the liquid if you used loose tea. Add the salt and sugar to the hot water and stir to dissolve them. Pour the brine into a heatproof container and cool it to room temperature, then refrigerate until completely cold.

Cut the chicken into 8 pieces. Rinse with cold water. Place in the brine, cover, and
refrigerate for 12 hours.

After the chicken has spent 12 hours in the brine, make an ice bath in a
large bowl with equal amounts of ice and water. Place the chicken in
the ice bath for 5 minutes. (the ice will rinse away any impurities.)
Remove the chicken and pat it dry.

Season the chicken with pepper and then cover with flour (lightly salted). Cook bacon in skillet and set aside. Add additional oils until frying temperature and add the chicken pieces, turning and stirring them about to keep them from burning. It takes half an hour. Move to a towel to drain. Pour off off all the fat and melt a tablespoon or so of butter with an equal amount of flour. Add cream, parsley, salt and pepper. Stir until thickened. Pour this over the chickens and serve with waffles.

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note: due to the tea this chicken looks much darker than it would otherwise

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Adapted from ‘Eat, Drink and Be Merry in Maryland’, ‘Fifty Years in a Maryland Kitchen’, ‘Heritage.’

Washington City Paper: The Mystery of Maryland Fried Chicken

Mid-Atlantic Cooking Blog: Maryland Fried Chicken

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