West Virginia Hot Dog Sauce

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This summer we took a vacation to Cincinnati (with many stops on the way). It seems very de rigeur these days for travelers through southwestern WV to sample their famous regional hot dog establishments, so that is what we did. With some guidance from the West Virginia Hot Dog Blog, we saw some sights, ate some slaw, consumed a lot of sweet tea, took mental notes.

For those not in the know, WV hot dogs consist of a steamed hot dog on a steamed bun, served with mustard, onions, “sauce” (a fine-ground chili variant), and a sweet, creamy slaw. The whole thing is a delicious squishy gooey mess meant to elevate the cheap hot dog with a contrast of the savory spice of chili and the crisp cool slaw.

Each dog was memorable in its own way – whether it was the experience of sitting at the King Tut Drive-In in Beckley reading their massive menu, the upside down chili-on-top dog at Toms (a greek style chili that was not unlike the Skyline Chili in Cincinnati), or the intriguing yellow slaw atop the Chums dog in Marmet (this was my personal favorite… I THINK).

You would think that this vacation would resolve with a bit of hot dog fatigue. Yet within a week of returning, Burgersub and I agreed that we could really go for another West Virginia dog.

The addictive nature of the combo might explain why, in its origin story, the chili-slaw-topped hot dog spread throughout the region after being popularized at the Stopette Drive In in Charleston.

The Hot Dog blog has laid down some basic rules and principles.  “If you have to ask for slaw on a hot dog, it’s not a true WVHD.” They’ve created a convenient little map to illustrate the culture of the WV Hot Dog.

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http://wvhotdogblog.blogspot.com/

Imagine my surprise when I encountered this recipe for “West Virginia Hot Dog Sauce” in the famous “What Is Cooking On Party Line” cookbook. The contributor of the recipe has too common a name to trace the lineage of this recipe, but it may be worth noting:

In most of the state people call it “chili”. In Huntington and Marion County it is most often called sauce. The difference is largely semantic although in areas where it is called sauce the substance is usually finer ground and more liquid in consistency.” –  The West Virginia Hot Dog Blog

This recipe, however, is not particularly liquid-y. Nor do they mention grinding the meat finer – a common step in recreating true WV Hot Dog Sauce. Ronni Lundy, author of “Victuals: An Appalachian Journey, with Recipes” mentions that a potato masher is sometimes used for this purpose.

I used Lundy’s formula for the slaw, substituting some whey for the buttermilk. I also used red cabbage, which I didn’t see anywhere in my WV hot dog travels. But as you know, my motto is that nothing is more “authentic” than to work with what you’ve got. Burgersub insisted the onions go under the hot dog. (The mustard gets spread on the bun.) For the record, our guests were all emphatic converts on chili-slaw dogs.

To further pervert these dogs, I used high-quality hot dogs, grilled them, and didn’t even steam the buns. What can I say? If you want something done right, don’t look at me.

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Recipe:

(Served on steamed buns with steamed hot dogs with chopped onions and/or slaw.)

  • 2 lbs. hamburger
  • 1.5 Cups chopped onion, chop fine
  • 3 small cloves garlic, chop fine
  • salt, pepper, hot sauce (your favorite)
  • 2 Tablespoons paprika
  • 4 Tablespoons chili powder
  • 2 small cans tomato soup
  • 2 Cups water

Fry onions, garlic, salt, pepper and hot sauce in a large Dutch oven, large heavy skillet or heavy-weight pot. When the mixture is brown add hamburger. Cook until well done, stirring and mixing often. Add chili powder and paprika. Mix well. Add tomato soup and simmer for 45 minutes. Stir often to prevent sticking. The above makes ½ gallon of sauce. This may be used right away or may be put in containers suitable to your family’s needs and freeze.

This recipe may be used for spaghetti sauce with the addition of the following:

  • 1 (15 oz.) can tomato sauce
  • 1 c. water

Anna Lee Johnson

Recipe from “What Is Cooking On Party Line”

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Frank Hennessy’s “Chicken-Boh-B-Q”

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Frank Hennessy never passed up a chance to promote National Beer. It was his job to do so for 18 years (1957 to 1975), and he approached the job with legendary gusto.

Advertising executive John Schneider III (1918-2009) has been credited with “making Boh synonymous with Baltimore.” He may also share part of the credit for making the name “Frank Hennessy” synonymous with Boh. It was Schneider who put Hennessy aboard a skipjack named “Chester Peake” and sent him “to every corner of Tidewater Maryland” as the “Roving Ambassador of the Chesapeake Bay.”

The sail of the 1915 skipjack was embroidered with the face of the iconic “Mr. Boh.”

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Afro-American, August 1966

When Hennessy passed away in 2000, the Sun had many stories to share:

Dubbed “Commodore of the Chesapeake” by Gov. Theodore Roosevelt McKeldin, Hennessy was a familiar figure to Bay yachtsman as he cruised the Bay from the the C & D Canal to Smith Island, dressed in a snappy nautical cap, white duck pants and blue blazer.

“During the summer months we’ll be cruising the Chesapeake Bay, attending races, regattas and other special events, hoping that Chester Peake will serve as a graceful symbol of the wonderful Land of Pleasant Living,” [Hennessy] told The Sun.

Hennessy, an excellent outdoors cook who gained honors as the Male Barbecuing Champion at the national chicken grill-off in Selbyville, Del., was the creator of the Chesapeake BAYke.

“We have our wonderful crab feasts, oyster and bull roasts but there’s no identifying name like New England clambake or Hawaiian luau, and my wife and I got to thinking about a Chesapeake BAYke,” he told The Sun in an interview.

Firing up his gigantic Weber Big Smokey grill, Hennessy and his wife, Rita, whom he married in 1938, used such strictly local Maryland ingredients as rockfish, clams, oysters, blue crabs, corn and broiler chicken to create the feast.

Hennessy, who was born in St. Louis and reared in Memphis, always claimed one of his grilling secrets was using Arkansas swamp hickory chips.” – True Chesapeake Character, Frederick N. Rasmussen, Baltimore Sun, 2000

The concept of the somewhat-awkwardly-named Chesapeake BAYke provided Hennessy with more opportunities to promote Natty Boh in local newspapers.

He copyrighted the term in 1964.

In 1960, Hennessy took home the prize in the Barbeque division of the Delmarva Poultry Industry’s National Chicken Cooking Contest (more on that event can be found in this post). His recipe for a broiled and basted chicken features a not-so-secret addition. You guessed it.  

National Beer TV ad 1960s, youtube.com

I remember my own introduction to Boh. After watching a friend’s band at the Ottobar in the late 90s, we migrated to the bar upstairs. Someone asked what beer was the cheapest. “Natty Boh-boh!” was a friend’s lyrical reply. At a buck fifty, no one needed any further rationale for drinking National Bohemian.

A lot of Baltimoreans still carry the banner of Natty Boh from bars to backyard barbecues, despite the fact that the beer is now brewed in North Carolina and Georgia. It no longer costs a buck fifty, but neither does anything else. Nor are you likely to hear about raconteurs cruising the bay for the sole purpose of glorifying a beer. The unchanging label of Natty Boh remains a reminder of a time when Baltimore was a little bit cheaper and a little bit weirder.

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Rita & Frank Hennessey in 1984, Baltimore Sun photo: Anne Kornreich. ebay.com

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Recipe:

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Recipe notes: I didn’t have straight up MSG so I used Sazón, a wonderful seasoning composed primarily of MSG. No regrets. I cooked the chicken in the middle of a ring of coals for even heat. Salt the chicken the day before. It’s called dry brining, get the net.

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Lamb Chops Brasseur, Edwina Booth

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There is, assuredly, no other country on earth in which Shakespeare and the Bible are held in such general high esteem as in America … If you were to enter an isolated log cabin in the Far West and even if its inhabitant were to exhibit many of the traces of backwoods living … you will certainly find the Bible and in most cases also some cheap edition of the works of the poet Shakespeare.” – Karl Knortz, 1880’s

The popularity of Shakespeare with 19th century audiences seemingly has no modern parallel. Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville assessed that “there [was] hardly a pioneer’s hut that [did] not contain a few odd volumes of Shakespeare” during his travels in 1830’s America. Ragtag troupes of actors traveled the frontiers to perform on makeshift stages for pioneers, gold-miners, and businessmen alike. Audiences were known to be intimately and passionately familiar with the Bard, memorizing lines and offering vocal judgement during performances. In 1849, a riot broke out at a New York opera house during a Shakespearean showdown between English actor William Charles Macready and his American counterpart, Edwin Forrest. Class tensions and nationalism erupted into violence and chaos. Militia intervened with deadly results.

Around the year of that riot, Edwin Booth, a 16-year old actor who’d been named after Forrest, was performing with his actor father on nearby American stages. The young actor would grow to surpass his namesake in Shakespearean achievement, but that accomplishment remains overshadowed to this day by the fact that his brother shot and killed president Abraham Lincoln.

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The lives of the Booth family were filled with drama to rival the roles they played on the stage. Like many families, they were torn apart by the Civil War. After his brother assassinated the president, it is said that Edwin (and presumably his reputation) took some comfort in the fact that, by bizarre coincidence, he had saved Abraham Lincoln’s son Robert from being hit by a train a year or so before the assassination.

History may remember Edwin as the brother of John Wilkes Booth first and foremost, but his Shakespearean triumphs are not undocumented. “The greatest Hamlet of the 19th century” doesn’t exactly imply a household name at any rate.

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Tudor Hall, Maryland Historical Trust

The Booth brothers were born in Bel Air Maryland at an estate known as Tudor Hall. Although Edwin didn’t reside there for long, the house remains associated with -and some say haunted by– the Booth family.

Edwin Booth’s daughter, Edwina Booth Grossman, devoted much energy to honoring her father’s legacy. In 1894 she penned a book of recollections, including snippets from letters while Edwin was on the road. She also contributed several ‘Tudor Hall’ recipes to “Eat, Drink & Be Merry in Maryland.”

I inaugurated grilling season by making “Lamb Chop Brasseur,” a simple if confusingly named treatment for lamb wherein it is seasoned with cayenne pepper, buttered and grilled and then drizzled with lemon juice and more butter. According to Edwina, Edwin “was fond of Southern cooking and employed colored cooks by preference.”

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Edwin Booth with daughter Edwina, National Portrait Gallery

The lamb chops turned out delicious and were juicy enough that I omitted the called for “gravy of butter” when serving. I also opted for adding the lemon juice during grilling so as not to overpower the chops. Remaining juice can be used on side dishes such as grilled vegetables.

Tudor Hall has just recently been opened again to the public and is hosting guided tours and historic programming, including lectures about “the Genius of Edwin Booth”, Tudor Hall’s most esteemed -if not most famous- son.

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Recipe:

  • lamb chops
  • cayenne pepper
  • salt
  • butter
  • juice of 1 lemon
  • black pepper

Season lamb chops with cayenne pepper and salt. Butter on both sides and cook over hot charcoals or in the broiler, turning once. When chops are nearly done, drizzle with lemon juice and move to medium heat to finish cooking. Season with salt & pepper to taste.

Recipe adapted from Eat, Drink & Be Merry in Maryland

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